{"id":5003,"date":"2026-09-20T04:00:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T02:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/?p=5003"},"modified":"2026-09-20T12:16:11","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T10:16:11","slug":"perche-fare-un-corso-di-cinese-alluniversita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/2026\/09\/20\/perche-fare-un-corso-di-cinese-alluniversita\/","title":{"rendered":"Perch\u00e9 fare un corso di cinese all\u2019universit\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--link_color: var(--awb-color4);--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1144px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-row\"><ul style=\"--awb-size:18px;--awb-iconcolor:var(--awb-color3);--awb-line-height:30.6px;--awb-icon-width:30.6px;--awb-icon-height:30.6px;--awb-icon-margin:12.6px;--awb-content-margin:43.2px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-1 fusion-checklist-default type-icons\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa-camera fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>crediti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/it-it\/@xiaodong-zhang-207745687\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Xiaodong Zhang<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator grunge fusion-section-separator-1\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:43px;--awb-svg-margin-left:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-left-small:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right-small:1.92%;--awb-bg-size:100% 100%;--awb-bg-size-medium:100% 100%;--awb-bg-size-small:100% 100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><div class=\"fusion-grunge-candy-sep fusion-section-separator-svg-bg\" style=\"background-image:url( 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);height:43px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:var(--awb-color2);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><span class=\"icon-wrapper\" style=\"border-color:transparent;font-size:23px;width: 1.75em; height: 1.75em;border-width:3px;padding:3px;margin-top:-1.5px\"><i class=\"fa-angle-double-down fas\" style=\"font-size: inherit;color:var(--awb-color2);\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:var(--awb-color2);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>Ho un rapporto difficile con i corsi linguistici dell\u2019Ateneo, perch\u00e9 mi perdo sempre le comunicazioni che li annunciano. Ci avevo provato con l\u2019arabo due anni fa, il giapponese l\u2019anno scorso, e alla fine quest\u2019inverno ho deciso di fare un corso pre-C1 di inglese perch\u00e9 era l\u2019unico disponibile al momento. Non che abbia una innata predisposizione alle lingue, \u00e8 pi\u00f9 per curiosit\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>Il Centro Linguistico di Ateneo occupa il primo dente del plesso di Scienze della Terra, l\u2019ultimo edificio del campus prima della statale. L\u00ec per alcuni mesi ogni anno gli studenti di geologia si mescolano con quelli provenienti da tutti gli altri corsi di laurea, arrivati per dare l\u2019esame di idoneit\u00e0 linguistica. Il CLA \u00e8 conosciuto principalmente per questi esami, oppure per i corsi preparatori che li precedono. Non tutti sanno, per\u00f2, che il centro offre anche corsi extracurricolari <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cla.unipr.it\/it\/corsi\/corsi-extracurricolari\/232\/\">gratuiti<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Il 18 maggio quasi per caso leggo l\u2019e-mail appena arrivata che avvisa dell\u2019aggiunta di alcuni corsi: spagnolo, francese, inglese e un corso intensivo di cinese. Per aggiungere una nuova lingua alla mia collezione, che fino a quel momento era di iscrizioni mai avvenute, decido che il cinese sarebbe stata l\u2019opzione migliore: tre ore a lezione, tre volte a settimana, per tre settimane.<\/p>\n<p>Ora posso dirvi con una certa soddisfazione \u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff01\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u6c49\u8bed\u8bfe\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff01 Che non \u00e8 molto, ma abbastanza per un corso di cinese principianti 1, \u00a0e significa (spero) \u201cCiao! Ora sono uno studente del corso di lingua cinese!\u201d. In ogni caso, per ampliare un po&#8217; il vocabolario ci sar\u00e0 da aspettare l\u2019inizio del corso principianti 2 il 5 ottobre. Ma le iscrizioni aprono gi\u00e0 dal 24 settembre, per i curiosi la pagina <a href=\"https:\/\/elly2026.didattica.unipr.it\/course\/view.php?id=5755\">qui<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Eravamo una quindicina di studenti frequentanti, di meno delle iscrizioni registrate e un po\u2019 lontani dal numero massimo che era 35. Il corso lo ha tenuto il professor Xin Spina Miao, arrivato poco prima all\u2019Universit\u00e0 di Parma proprio per quelle lezioni e per coprire il nuovo anno accademico.<\/p>\n<p>Il professore afferma di vedere un aumento di interesse verso la cultura cinese, anche se poi quando ci si avvicina alla lingua nota con amarezza come \u00abmolti sono un po\u2019 spaventati per l\u2019impegno che richiede\u00bb. Uno dei primi aspetti che avevo notato sfogliando il <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hoeplieditore.it\/universita\/articolo\/il-cinese-per-gli-italiani-corso-base-livelli-a1-a2-del-quadro-comune-europeo-di-riferimento-per-le-lingue-federico-masini\/9788820345273\/0472\">manuale<\/a> erano le ore necessarie per assimilare il cinese: un livello A2 richiede 400 ore di lezione frontale e altre 200 di studio individuale. Nonostante ci\u00f2, nel giugno torrido di quest\u2019anno c\u2019erano ben quindici persone pronte a impararlo, un risultato niente male anche considerato il poco preavviso.<\/p>\n<p>Secondo il prof Miao lo sforzo per chi prosegue ripaga: \u00abin ambito lavorativo ci sono molte richieste, perch\u00e9 comunque la Cina e l\u2019Italia hanno un rapporto molto stretto a livello di legame commerciale\u00bb. Questo aspetto \u00e8 anche ci\u00f2 che ha spinto alcuni colleghi a iscriversi, come Luca Ciomei, studente di Scienza dei materiali, che ha deciso di frequentare le lezioni \u00absia per curiosit\u00e0 che per la spendibilit\u00e0 nel mondo del lavoro\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Concordo con Luca quando osserva come \u00abla parte pi\u00f9 difficile \u00e8 sicuramente la pronuncia, i toni, e soprattutto distinguerli nel parlato\u00bb, anche se poi compensa un po\u2019 il fatto che \u00abil modo in cui si pronunciano i caratteri \u00e8 molto schematico e facile da imparare\u00bb. Esistono \u201csolo\u201d 407 sillabe in cinese e ogni carattere cinese \u00e8 composto da una sillaba. Nella lingua contemporanea, una parola pu\u00f2 essere composta da una o due sillabe.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-row\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1471\" height=\"973\" title=\"Manuale cinese\" src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Manuale-cinese.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Manuale-cinese.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-5007\" 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);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:center;\"><p>Il manuale con le 407 sillabe del cinese \/ crediti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hoeplieditore.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Hoepli Editore<\/strong><\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/gabriele_ravini\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gabriele Ravini<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>Per conoscere la pronuncia di ogni carattere si ricorre al <em>p\u012bny\u012bn<\/em>, un metodo di trascrizione fonetica che utilizza lettere latine. Quindi per apprendere la pronuncia di \u4f60\u597d sui libri di testo si trova la trascrizione <em>n\u01d0 h\u01ceo<\/em>. Anche sulle tastiere si usa il pinyin per digitare i caratteri &#8211; ammetto di aver scaricato la tastiera cinese fin dalla prima lezione preso dall\u2019entusiasmo. \u00c8 abbastanza facile leggerlo, anche se bisogna ricordarsi di alcune significative differenze: un esempio tra tanti, la <em>c<\/em> in pinyin si legge col suono <em>ts<\/em>, la zeta sorda come in tazza. Gli accenti, invece, indicano il tono con cui pronunciare le vocali, esistono quattro toni principali \u2013 m\u0101, m\u00e1, m\u01ce, m\u00e0 &#8211; pi\u00f9 il neutro &#8211; ma.<\/p>\n<p>Alle lezioni eravamo un gruppo eterogeneo: studenti di triennali &#8211; scienze politiche, ingegneria (non ricordo quale delle tante), informatica, scienza dei materiali, per citarne alcune &#8211; studenti di magistrale e anche un paio di dottorandi in fisica. Alcuni fin da subito hanno iniziato a leggere i caratteri con una fluidit\u00e0 disarmante &#8211; erano gi\u00e0 pronti per il corso principianti 2 di sicuro. Altri, me compreso alcune volte, fino all\u2019ultima lezione scrivevano in pinyin e non in caratteri.<\/p>\n<p>Con l\u2019avanzare delle lezioni poi ci si accorge di quanto la grammatica sia diversa da quella italiana, il corso principianti ha offerto alcune anticipazioni: non si coniugano i verbi, non c\u2019\u00e8 plurale o genere e la frase ha sempre una struttura abbastanza rigida anche nel parlato colloquiale. Poche regole che riducono il tempo necessario per assimilarle \u2013 posso confermare un aspetto molto apprezzato dagli studenti &#8211; ma che comunque rimangono distanti da ci\u00f2 a si \u00e8 abituati fino a quel momento: serve studiarle per bene per evitare di mescolare la struttura grammaticale italiana con i caratteri cinesi.<\/p>\n<p>Il cinese mandarino si studia cos\u00ec anche in Cina dalla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tracinaeitalia.it\/cultura-cinese-cucina-ideogrammi-cinesi-corsi-traduzioni\/lingua-e-caratteri\/cinese-semplificato-vs-cinese-tradizionale\/15\">riforma della scrittura<\/a> voluta dal partito comunista di Mao Zedong negli anni Cinquanta, un lungo e articolato processo arrivato ufficialmente a conclusione solo nel 1986. Il Pinyin venne approvato e diffuso durante quel processo e ottenne un ampio impiego gi\u00e0 dagli anni \u201970. La riforma ha permesso l\u2019aumento dell\u2019alfabetizzazione nella popolazione cinese, ed \u00e8 il cinese chiamato <em>cinese semplificato<\/em> tutt\u2019ora in uso. Che \u00e8 diverso dal cinese tradizionale, graficamente pi\u00f9 complesso, oggi utilizzato a Taiwan, Hong Kong e Macao.<\/p>\n<p>La trascrizione in pinyin \u00e8 una parte importante del cinese mandarino contemporaneo, perch\u00e9 i caratteri di per s\u00e9 sono foneticamente indipendenti. Quindi si affronta un nuovo carattere non si hanno mezzi per poterlo leggere, anche se a volte ci sono alcuni indizi: i caratteri chiamati \u201cfono-semantici\u201d, e la maggioranza rientra in questo gruppo, hanno pi\u00f9 componenti al loro interno, una di queste \u00e8 proprio quella fonetica. Ma appunto, \u00e8 solo un indizio e non offre indicazioni sul tono. Questa forse \u00e8 la parte che pi\u00f9 mi ha disorientato, bene o male nelle lingue alfabetiche riesci sempre a leggere una parola nuova e dato il contesto puoi provare a dedurne il significato. Per il cinese mandarino vale pi\u00f9 il secondo passaggio: puoi intuirne il significato ma per pronunciarla devi necessariamente usare sul momento il dizionario \u2013 impresa non facile per un principiante, alcuni caratteri sono difficili da trascrivere giusti al primo tentativo.<\/p>\n<p>Il cinese che si insegna oggi \u00e8 la forma standardizzata del cinese mandarino e si basa sul dialetto di Beijing, chiamato <em>p\u01d4t\u014dnghu\u00e0<\/em>. In realt\u00e0, nella vita di tutti i giorni viene utilizzato principalmente nelle comunicazioni ufficiali, a scuola o in tv. Nel parlato quotidiano ognuno ha una cadenza regionale o un proprio dialetto. Di questo fatto me ne ero accorto anche grazie ad Instagram e Tiktok: a volte mi \u00e8 sembrato di sentire di frequente suoni non affrontati lezione, altre la totale assenza di alcuni che nelle prime lezioni avevo trovato abbastanza difficili\u2013 s\u00ec, durante il periodo delle lezioni il mio feed si era riempito di contenuti in cinese.<\/p>\n<p>Parlandone con il prof Miao, scopro essere di Chengdu il capoluogo del Sichuan e nel sud della Cina hanno quella pronuncia che mi era sembrata pi\u00f9 facile. Per esempio, la consonante <em>Zh <\/em>&#8211; che dovrebbe avere un suono che ricorda un po\u2019 una <em>g<\/em> dolce ma pi\u00f9 nasale \u2013 ha la pronuncia molto simile alla <em>Z &#8211;<\/em> come la zeta in zanzara, decisamente pi\u00f9 facile per una madrelingua italiano.<\/p>\n<p>Oltre ad aver capito che se mai andr\u00f2 in Cina non dovr\u00e0 essere nelle regioni settentrionali, penso il primo corso principianti abbia convinto un po\u2019 tutti a proseguire a ottobre \u2013 considerando anche il fresco che pu\u00f2 solo migliorare l\u2019esperienza.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002Ma non sono gli unici motivi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[25,29],"tags":[58],"autore":[169],"class_list":["post-5003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cool-tura","category-uni-verso","tag-universita","autore-gabriele-ravini"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5003"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5009,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5003\/revisions\/5009"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5003"},{"taxonomy":"autore","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/autore?post=5003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}