{"id":3693,"date":"2026-03-23T04:00:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T03:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/?p=3693"},"modified":"2026-03-18T17:54:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T16:54:59","slug":"liberate-quei-matti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/2026\/03\/23\/liberate-quei-matti\/","title":{"rendered":"Liberate quei matti"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--link_color: var(--awb-color4);--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1144px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-row\"><ul style=\"--awb-size:18px;--awb-iconcolor:var(--awb-color3);--awb-line-height:30.6px;--awb-icon-width:30.6px;--awb-icon-height:30.6px;--awb-icon-margin:12.6px;--awb-content-margin:43.2px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-1 fusion-checklist-default type-icons\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa-camera fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>foto di <strong>Giovanni Andrioli<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator grunge fusion-section-separator-1\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:43px;--awb-svg-margin-left:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-left-small:1.92%;--awb-svg-margin-right-small:1.92%;--awb-bg-size:100% 100%;--awb-bg-size-medium:100% 100%;--awb-bg-size-small:100% 100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><div class=\"fusion-grunge-candy-sep fusion-section-separator-svg-bg\" style=\"background-image:url( 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);height:43px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:var(--awb-color2);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><span class=\"icon-wrapper\" style=\"border-color:transparent;font-size:23px;width: 1.75em; height: 1.75em;border-width:3px;padding:3px;margin-top:-1.5px\"><i class=\"fa-angle-double-down fas\" style=\"font-size: inherit;color:var(--awb-color2);\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:var(--awb-color2);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>Il Sessantotto ebbe a Parma una configurazione del tutto peculiare: basti pensare all\u2019occupazione del Duomo, il 14 settembre, da parte di una ventina di ragazzi e ragazze di piazzale Pablo a seguito dell\u2019allontanamento, voluto dalla Curia, del loro padre spirituale, don Pino Setti, che l\u2019anno prima aveva addirittura organizzato una messa <i>beat <\/i>con la <i>band <\/i>de I Corvi per avvicinare i giovani al mondo cattolico.<\/p>\n<p>Poco tempo dopo, un altro presidio sal\u00ec agli onori della cronaca nazionale: dal 2 febbraio 1969 al 9 marzo dello stesso anno un gruppo di studenti della Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina occup\u00f2 le sale dell\u2019ospedale psichiatrico di Colorno, per contestare le inumane condizioni detentive dei degenti: contatti con il mondo esterno ridotti al minimo, uso di dispositivi di contenzione, largo impiego dell\u2019elettroshock e della lobotomia. I padiglioni del manicomio della provincia parmense celavano agli occhi degli esterni una situazione raccapricciante: basti pensare che, all\u2019interno, non esisteva una vera distinzione tra adulti e bambini, determinando una promiscuit\u00e0 che generava gravi ripercussioni psicologiche. Le sale ospitavano indistintamente minori con disabilit\u00e0 cognitive, epilettici, orfani, illegittimi e i cosiddetti \u201cirregolari\u201d, con problemi di condotta o di povert\u00e0 estrema.<\/p>\n<p>In questo contesto, centrale fu l\u2019apporto di due uomini: Franco Basaglia \u2013 psichiatra, promotore della legge 180 per lo smantellamento degli istituti manicomiali, da sostituire con un\u2019assistenza incentrata sulla persona e integrata nella comunit\u00e0 \u2013 e Mario Tommasini, assessore provinciale ai Trasporti con delega all\u2019Ospedale psichiatrico di Colorno, patrocinatore di innumerevoli iniziative volte al reintegro nella societ\u00e0 dei malati, di cui quest\u2019anno ricorre il ventesimo anniversario della morte.<\/p>\n<p>Ai fatti di Colorno \u00e8 dedicata la mostra \u201cManicomio occupato!\u201d, all\u2019APE Parma Museo, a cura della Fondazione \u201cMario Tommasini\u201d. L\u2019esposizione raccoglie gli scatti di Giovanni Ferraguti e Franco Furoncoli, oltre a un cospicuo numero di documenti, ciclostilati, articoli di giornali, libri.<\/p>\n<p>Il pregio della mostra sta nell\u2019aver dato il giusto rilievo a una vicenda che, bench\u00e9 di minor incidenza nella cronistoria dell\u2019Italia repubblicana, testimonia di un percorso umano unico. Il processo verso la soppressione dei manicomi, quei luoghi di dolore che il sociologo Goffman defin\u00ec \u201cistituzioni totali\u201d, votati all\u2019esclusione e alla violenza, non fu privo di contraddizioni e incongruenze. I pionieri dell\u2019antipsichiatria \u2013 Basaglia, Ongaro, Rotelli, Dell\u2019Acqua e tanti altri \u2013 scontarono ostracismi, polemiche, reprimende. Dove stipare, se non negli istituti psichiatrici, quei \u201cmatti\u201d, cos\u00ec pericolosi per se stessi e per la societ\u00e0?<\/p>\n<p>Le fotografie di Ferraguti e Furoncoli danno plasticit\u00e0 a quel brulichio intellettuale, che assume maggiore pregnanza perch\u00e9 promosso da universitari, da futuri professionisti delle scienze mediche che seppero ribellarsi a quel totem della sanit\u00e0 che vedeva nel manicomio lo strumento per curare l\u2019insorgenza di psicopatologie, in un\u2019epoca in cui la salute mentale era un lusso per le classi pi\u00f9 abbienti. Quel meccanismo di separazione, di esclusione dalla collettivit\u00e0 non \u00e8 un fossile del passato: la logica che sottende al funzionamento dei centri d\u2019accoglienza per migranti rimane la stessa di prima.<\/p>\n<p>Nelle <i>Conferenze brasiliane <\/i>Basaglia scrive: \u00abIo ho detto che non so che cosa sia la follia. Pu\u00f2 essere tutto o niente. \u00c8 una condizione umana. In noi la follia esiste ed \u00e8 presente come lo \u00e8 la ragione. Il problema \u00e8 che la societ\u00e0, per dirsi civile, dovrebbe accettare tanto la ragione quanto la follia. Invece questa societ\u00e0 riconosce la follia come parte della ragione, e la riduce alla ragione nel momento in cui esiste una scienza che si incarica di eliminarla. Il manicomio ha la sua ragione di essere, perch\u00e9 fa diventare razionale l&#8217;irrazionale\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" 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);height:43px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"awb-gallery-wrapper awb-gallery-wrapper-1 button-span-no\" style=\"--more-btn-alignment:center;\" data-limit=\"10\" data-page=\"1\"><div style=\"margin:-10px;--awb-aspect-ratio:1 \/ 1;--awb-bordersize:0px;\" class=\"fusion-gallery fusion-gallery-container fusion-grid-2 fusion-columns-total-4 fusion-gallery-layout-grid fusion-gallery-1 has-aspect-ratio\"><div style=\"padding:10px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-zoomin\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336.jpg\" width=\"426\" height=\"585\" alt=\"\" title=\"Manicomio 2\" aria-label=\"Manicomio 2\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-3698\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27426%27%20height%3D%27585%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20426%20585%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27426%27%20height%3D%27585%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336-200x275.jpg 200w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336-400x549.jpg 400w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-2-e1773851444336.jpg 426w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 717px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 717px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:10px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-zoomin\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937.jpg\" width=\"423\" height=\"500\" alt=\"\" title=\"Manicomio 3\" aria-label=\"Manicomio 3\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-3699\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27423%27%20height%3D%27500%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20423%20500%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27423%27%20height%3D%27500%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937-200x236.jpg 200w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937-400x473.jpg 400w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-3-e1773851463937.jpg 423w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 717px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 717px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><div style=\"padding:10px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-zoomin\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618.jpg\" width=\"474\" height=\"331\" alt=\"\" title=\"Manicomio 4\" aria-label=\"Manicomio 4\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-3700\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27474%27%20height%3D%27331%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20474%20331%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27474%27%20height%3D%27331%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618-200x140.jpg 200w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618-400x279.jpg 400w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-4-e1773851483618.jpg 474w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 717px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 717px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:10px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-zoomin\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391.jpg\" width=\"421\" height=\"320\" alt=\"\" title=\"Manicomio 5\" aria-label=\"Manicomio 5\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-3701\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27421%27%20height%3D%27320%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20421%20320%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27421%27%20height%3D%27320%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391-200x152.jpg 200w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391-400x304.jpg 400w, https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Manicomio-5-e1773851502391.jpg 421w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 717px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 717px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>foto di <strong>Giovanni Andrioli<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abbiamo visitato la mostra all\u2019APE Museo sull\u2019occupazione del manicomio di Colorno del 1969<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3695,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[64],"autore":[170],"class_list":["post-3693","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cool-tura","tag-mostra","autore-giovanni-andrioli"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3693","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3693"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3693\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3704,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3693\/revisions\/3704"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3695"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3693"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3693"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3693"},{"taxonomy":"autore","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studentmag.unipr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/autore?post=3693"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}